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整合聽(tīng)力資源 優(yōu)化聽(tīng)力教學(xué)

時(shí)間:2024-07-30 19:32:24 英語(yǔ)畢業(yè)論文 我要投稿
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整合聽(tīng)力資源 優(yōu)化聽(tīng)力教學(xué)

整合聽(tīng)力資源  優(yōu)化聽(tīng)力教學(xué)
 —“Robots” Listening教學(xué)案例
廈門(mén)市詩(shī)坂中學(xué)  蔡美惠
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】
 本課為人教版英語(yǔ)選修7 Unit 2 的聽(tīng)力部分,中心話題是“機(jī)器人”,學(xué)生通過(guò)聽(tīng)取信息和討論來(lái)了解機(jī)器人的作用。本課要達(dá)到以下目標(biāo):
 ⒈ 通過(guò)聽(tīng)力,讓學(xué)生了解更多有關(guān)閱讀課“Satisfaction Guaranteed” 中機(jī)器人的信息,并學(xué)會(huì)如何用英語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的想法和假設(shè)。
 ⒉ 聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)結(jié)合,提高學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力,在聽(tīng)力中,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生預(yù)測(cè),抓主干和抓關(guān)鍵詞,以及用所學(xué)的知識(shí)來(lái)進(jìn)行角色表演,討論等活動(dòng)將書(shū)本所學(xué)的知識(shí)運(yùn)用到實(shí)際生活中,發(fā)展其聽(tīng)力技能。
 ⒊ 通過(guò)聽(tīng)力及討論讓學(xué)生了解到機(jī)器人的兩面:積極面和消極面;并在討論和表演的過(guò)程中學(xué)會(huì)如何與他人合作,培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神。
【教學(xué)思路】
    實(shí)踐整體語(yǔ)言觀,提高聽(tīng)力實(shí)效性,通過(guò)“激發(fā)興趣,任務(wù)導(dǎo)航,自主探究,科學(xué)小結(jié),適時(shí)激勵(lì)”,促使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)聽(tīng)力,學(xué)會(huì)獲取及處理信息。
【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)】
 聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中通過(guò)抓關(guān)鍵詞及抓主干來(lái)獲取聽(tīng)力信息并進(jìn)行分析。
 聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中通過(guò)分析說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)來(lái)判斷說(shuō)話者的態(tài)度及觀點(diǎn)。
【教學(xué)過(guò)程】
 步驟一 :導(dǎo)入(Lead-in)
 T: We’ve learnt “Satisfaction Guaranteed” in the last lesson. We know Claire’s feeling towards Tony has some changes.
 S: refuse → accept→ trust→ be proud of → fall in love with
 T: Right. Now let’s answer three questions about “Satisfaction Guaranteed”.
 ⑴ Do you think it was a great love story? (Your reason)
 ⑵ If you were Claire, would you love Tony? (Your reason)
 ⑶ Do you like a robot like Tony at your house? (Your reason)
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:Lead-in 部分先進(jìn)行Revision,再由Revision引入三個(gè)開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題讓學(xué)生討論,因?yàn)槁?tīng)力的主要內(nèi)容也是對(duì)機(jī)器人的討論,這樣可使學(xué)生在進(jìn)入聽(tīng)力之前先有一個(gè)預(yù)熱,起到很好的導(dǎo)入作用。
 步驟二 :猜測(cè)(Guessing)
 We will listen to a discussion of “Satisfaction Guaranteed” by Kate and Molly. Let’s guess what they will talk in the dialogue.
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:Guessing環(huán)節(jié)的目的是讓學(xué)生預(yù)測(cè)將要聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的預(yù)測(cè)能力,同時(shí)這也能激發(fā)學(xué)生的主觀能動(dòng)性,使他們迫不及待地去尋求答案。
 步驟三 :聽(tīng)(Listening)
 Activity 1: Main idea
 T: Let’s listen to the whole passage and choose the main idea.
 Molly’s opinions are         Kate’s. (the same as; different from)
  設(shè)計(jì)意圖:此環(huán)節(jié)旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生抓主題大意的能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確的聽(tīng)的習(xí)慣,做到邊聽(tīng)邊理解邊記憶。讓學(xué)生選出主題大意的目的在于降低難度,消除學(xué)生的恐懼心理,讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)成功的喜悅,避免在英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)畏難情緒。
 Activity 2: Complete the form
 T: Let’s listen to the first part of the passage and complete the form.
Questions Molly  Kate
1). Who love the story?  
2). Who thinks that Claire loved Tony?  
3). Who thinks that Tony’s role is not to allow a human to be hurt?  
4). Who don’t believe it would be possible for human to make a robot like Tony.  
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的設(shè)置旨在幫助學(xué)生在聽(tīng)材料時(shí)保持注意力高度集中,通過(guò)聽(tīng)力,把握細(xì)節(jié),Activity 2聽(tīng)的只是聽(tīng)力的前半部分,這樣就可以減少聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容,學(xué)生更加有的放矢地聽(tīng)。
    Activity 3: Answer the questions
    T: Let’s listen to the second part of the passage and answer the questions.
 1. Why would Molly like a robot like Tony living at her house?
      She likes the idea of a handsome man whose only purpose was       .
 2. What does Kate think the company’s biggest mistake is? They make the robot       .
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:此處的Answer the questions已將難度降低,只聽(tīng)聽(tīng)力材料的后半部分,并填上關(guān)鍵詞,重在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生搜索關(guān)鍵詞以及迅速捕捉信息及處理信息的能力。
     Activity 4: Complete the sentences
 T: Let’s listen to the whole passage and complete the sentences with “think/maybe/suppose/wonder /guess/believe”.
 ⑴ I don’t            robots can possibly feel emotion of any kind.
 ⑵ I             Tony loved Claire.
 ⑶ I             I just want to think he was more human than he was.
 ⑷ I             how they could actually make a robot seem as if he had emotions.
 ⑸              Tony was just a very complicated computer.
 ⑹ I             that was the company’s biggest mistake.
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)旨在讓學(xué)生精聽(tīng),通過(guò)分析聽(tīng)力材料,并從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出適合的答案。如何用英語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)個(gè)人的想法與假設(shè)是本單元的重點(diǎn)之一, 此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)學(xué)生先可熟悉此表達(dá)法,后面的聽(tīng)后活動(dòng)中就有此項(xiàng)功能的活用。
 步驟四:聽(tīng)后(Post-Listening)
 Activity 5:
 Situation: Two students are being looked after by a robot. There will be some interesting stories between them.
 T: I’m quite impressed by your performance. You did a good job. Now let’s find a best group, a best actor/actress. Of course, you can use “I think/believe/wonder/suppose/guess/maybe” to help to give your opinions.
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:此環(huán)節(jié)的Role-Play是本單元Workbook中的Rob-Play,在上此課前先布置給學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備,在表演過(guò)程中學(xué)生大多有指出機(jī)器人的積極面和消極面,這可為下一活動(dòng)埋下伏筆,同時(shí)在表演完后讓學(xué)生評(píng)出最佳表演組,最佳男演員/女演員,學(xué)生可用所學(xué)知識(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)個(gè)人的想法與假設(shè),可謂一舉兩得。
    Activity 6: Discussion and argument
 Do you like to have a robot in your house? Having a robot has its positive effects and negative effects. Four students in a group discuss its positive effects and its negative effects. Be sure to use “I think/believe/wonder/suppose/guess/maybe”. Then students present their reports to the class in the way they like.
 步驟五:小結(jié)(Summary)
 Now please give a summary of what we have learnt.
    There are some          and          in the use of robots, so we should        the robots.
 T: Thank you for your wonderful show. From the class, we know every coin has two sides, so does the robot, so we have to use robot correctly. Only in this way, can we enjoy a happy life.
 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:Summary 設(shè)計(jì)了聽(tīng)力材料的復(fù)述練習(xí)環(huán)節(jié),讓學(xué)生消化聽(tīng)力材料,并用自己的語(yǔ)言復(fù)述,從而達(dá)到概括本節(jié)課的目的。
 步驟六: 作業(yè)(Homework)
 Writing: Draw a robot and write a paragraph describing your robot and what it can do. Be as imaginative as you like.
 Preview the next lesson
【教學(xué)反思】
 學(xué)生聽(tīng)力能力的提高有賴(lài)于教師的有效引導(dǎo)和活動(dòng)的深入開(kāi)展,教學(xué)程序、教學(xué)手段、聽(tīng)力材料、過(guò)程監(jiān)控及教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)等都會(huì)對(duì)聽(tīng)力教學(xué)的有效性產(chǎn)生影響。
 鑒于新教材聽(tīng)力材料對(duì)于農(nóng)村中學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)難度太大,要求過(guò)高,本節(jié)課筆者結(jié)合學(xué)生實(shí)際情況和教學(xué)實(shí)際要求,對(duì)聽(tīng)力素材進(jìn)行增刪替補(bǔ),合理利用。筆者綜合考慮整個(gè)單元,結(jié)合本單元的 “Functional items” 和 “Structures”的要求,將 Workbook中的Role-Play合理改編,讓學(xué)生提前排練,有機(jī)地將聽(tīng)說(shuō)整合起來(lái),也讓學(xué)生在上課前就保持比較濃厚的興趣。
 在導(dǎo)入階段,筆者通過(guò)復(fù)習(xí)再引出三個(gè)開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題來(lái)激發(fā)學(xué)生興趣。在教學(xué)中筆者將聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)等融為一體,增加大量的語(yǔ)言輸入,設(shè)置活動(dòng)及任務(wù)也是由易到難,并幾次讓學(xué)生以Pair Work 和Group Work的形式進(jìn)行討論及角色扮演,使課堂節(jié)奏張弛有度,克服聽(tīng)力教學(xué)的單一性,提高學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力。
 但是,在步驟四的時(shí)間安排上顯得較為倉(cāng)促,學(xué)生發(fā)言及上臺(tái)的機(jī)會(huì)不夠多、面不夠廣、參與度不夠高,如果前面的聽(tīng)力部分時(shí)間再安排得緊湊點(diǎn),那就能讓更多的學(xué)生參與聽(tīng)后的活動(dòng)。
【二度設(shè)計(jì)】
 StepⅠ: Lead in (再設(shè)計(jì))
    Lead in放映三維動(dòng)畫(huà)電影“Robot”的一個(gè)小片段,此片段講述了機(jī)器人給人類(lèi)帶來(lái)的許多便利,但有時(shí)也會(huì)給人類(lèi)帶來(lái)毀滅性的打擊?赐旰,讓學(xué)生發(fā)表看法,最喜歡哪個(gè)機(jī)器人。
 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:該活動(dòng)采用另外一種方式來(lái)對(duì)聽(tīng)力做一個(gè)導(dǎo)入,其設(shè)置來(lái)源于課文內(nèi)容,但又不局限于課文的范疇,而且是學(xué)生感興趣的,并且讓學(xué)生發(fā)表觀后感,這也是一個(gè)用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)個(gè)人想法的環(huán)節(jié)。
   Activity 7 (再設(shè)計(jì))
 Activity 7: Debate contest
   Divide the whole class into two groups. Group 1 is for the use of robots, and Group2 is against the use of robots. During the contest you should present your opinions by using “I think/believe/wonder/suppose/guess/maybe”.
 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:該活動(dòng)需要提前布置給學(xué)生讓學(xué)生課余時(shí)間收集有關(guān)機(jī)器人的材料,并參考本單元的閱讀及聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容,進(jìn)行材料的優(yōu)化組合,同時(shí)也要發(fā)揮小組團(tuán)結(jié)分工合作精神,對(duì)于喜歡創(chuàng)作的學(xué)生會(huì)有很大的吸引力,因而具有一定的操作價(jià)值。
【案例點(diǎn)評(píng)】
 本課的亮點(diǎn)之一是從聽(tīng)力出發(fā),融合各種技能,提高了學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。
 形式多樣,互動(dòng)積極。在教學(xué)中,教師設(shè)計(jì)了多種活動(dòng)與任務(wù),避免了聽(tīng)力教學(xué)的單一性,學(xué)生參與度和面比較深也比較廣。既有Individual Work, Pair Work 也有Group Work,大部分活動(dòng)都要學(xué)生通過(guò)合作來(lái)完成, 如 “Post-Listening” 的 Role-Play和 Discussion。
 整合教學(xué)資源,提高教學(xué)效益。聽(tīng)力教學(xué)最忌諱單純?yōu)榱寺?tīng)力而來(lái)練習(xí)聽(tīng)力,其實(shí)聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)等這四大部分是緊密相連的。本節(jié)課教師根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況,合理整合教學(xué)資源,有效地提高了教學(xué)效益。如將Workbook 的Role-Play放在Post-Listening的活動(dòng)中來(lái),使聽(tīng)和說(shuō)有機(jī)結(jié)合。Homework則設(shè)計(jì)了寫(xiě)的任務(wù)讓學(xué)生課后更好地對(duì)聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行鞏固。
 由淺入深,因材施教。老師在組織教學(xué)時(shí)不僅能根據(jù)學(xué)生的差異分配不同的任務(wù),而且對(duì)聽(tīng)力任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)也是由淺入深,這符合語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律,可調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性,也可減少學(xué)生對(duì)聽(tīng)力的畏難情緒。

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